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Harmful pests, fungi, viruses and bacteria can attack plants at any time. We would rather see them disappear than appear. Effective biological pest control is important in terms of production, yields, food safety and health risks. Koppert Biological Systems uses natural enemies and micro-organisms to control and prevent pests and plant diseases. Want to know which products to use to control your pest? Download this free biological pest control poster!
Hemp Diseases And Pests download free
Abstract: Simple SummaryCultivation of industrial hemp Cannabis sativa in the United States is now being expanded due to the recent legalization of the crop. Multiple insect pests attack the crop. One of the common pests is the corn earworm Helicoverpa zea that causes extensive damage to the marketable parts of hemp. Changing global climate may lead to expansion of the geographic range of insect pests. Thus, growers of this crop in the United States have to face new and intense pest problems now and in the years to come. Here, we assess the potential relationship between corn earworm infestation and hemp production in the US in the face of climate change. We also provide an update on the arthropods associated with hemp cultivation across the US. Climate change can affect aspects of interactions between hemp and corn earworm. Temperature and photoperiod affect the development and diapause process in H. zea. Drought leads to a reduction in hemp growth. Overall, our assessment suggests the selection of varieties resistant to stresses from climate and insects. Host plant diversity may prevent populations of corn earworm from reaching outbreak levels. Ongoing research on effective management of H. zea on hemp is critical. AbstractThere has been a resurgence in the cultivation of industrial hemp, Cannabis sativa L., in the United States since its recent legalization. This may facilitate increased populations of arthropods associated with the plant. Hemp pests target highly marketable parts of the plant, such as flowers, stalks, and leaves, which ultimately results in a decline in the quality. Industrial hemp can be used for several purposes including production of fiber, grain, and cannabidiol. Thus, proper management of pests is essential to achieve a substantial yield of hemp in the face of climate change. In this review, we provide updates on various arthropods associated with industrial hemp in the United States and examine the potential impact of climate change on corn earworm (CEW) Helicoverpa zea Boddie, a major hemp pest. For example, temperature and photoperiod affect the development and diapause process in CEW. Additionally, drought can lead to a reduction in hemp growth. Host plant diversity of CEW may prevent populations of the pest from reaching outbreak levels. It is suggested that hemp varieties resistant to drought, high soil salinity, cold, heat, humidity, and common pests and diseases should be selected. Ongoing research on effective management of CEW in hemp is critical.Keywords: industrial hemp; Cannabis sativa; climate change; pests; beneficials; corn earworm
Much of this content is a result of a two-year arthropod and plant disease survey of field-grown hemp operations in northern Utah. Some pests included in this guide were not found in that survey, but may be likely to occur in the future. Reference the full Pests of Hemp in Utah Guide.
Abstract: Simple SummaryHemp has become a rapidly growing industry in the United States in recent years. However, due to many decades of prohibition, there has been relatively little research on insect pests and their interactions with natural enemies in hemp production systems. Here, we provide the first quantitative assessment of corn earworm (CEW) Helicoverpa zea parasitism in a hemp system. Corn earworm larvae exhibited high parasitism rates by tachinid flies resulting in elevated mortality. Host mortality increased with the number of tachinid eggs per larva even though typically only one parasitoid successfully developed per host. Larger CEW larvae were more likely to survive parasitism, but frequently, neither parasitoid nor host larvae successfully developed. Our results suggest that tachinid flies hold promise as biological control agents for populations of this important pest attacking hemp. AbstractIn a survey on hemp grown in western Kentucky we found an average of 27.8 CEW larvae per plant. We recorded 45% parasitism of CEW in these fields by two species of tachinid flies, Winthemia rufopicta and Lespesia aletiae. Most parasitized larvae were third to sixth instars at the time of collection. We found up to 22 tachinid eggs per host larva, 89% of which typically bore between 1 and 5 eggs on the thorax. 45.9% of CEW bearing eggs died. The number of tachinid eggs per host was unrelated to host body mass, but both the number of tachinid eggs and caterpillar body mass influenced CEW survival. Larger CEW often survived parasitism and the number of fly eggs was negatively related to survival rate. The emergence of adult flies was positively correlated with the number of eggs, but no influence of the host size was found. High mortality of CEW larvae and the parasitoids developing within them in this system suggests that secondary chemicals (or poor nutrition) of the hemp diet may be negatively affecting host and parasitoid development and influencing their interactions.Keywords: biological control; Tachinidae; bristle fly; Cannabis sativa; superparasitism; Winthemia; Lespesia
The interactions of livestock and wildlife may lead to mutual or shared diseases. Some of these diseases may have the potential to adversely affect Wyoming's livestock producers and influence the management of Wyoming's free-ranging wildlife. Research into these diseases may provide strategies or solutions that benefit Wyoming's livestock industries and wildlife resources.
The Division issues Certificates of Registration for nursery growers. When a nursery grower begins operation, the business owner completes a nursery grower application. Before a Certificate of Registration can be issued, the operation must first be inspected to ensure it is free of insect pests, diseases, or invasive species.
While greenhouse pests (such as aphids, mites, thrips, and whiteflies) are key problems in indoor marijuana growing, insects are currently not a major problem in the scattered outdoor hemp acreage in North America. This situation will likely change as hemp production increases and entomologists begin scouting for insects in the crop.
Most of the insect pests recorded from hemp are species with wide host ranges that include other crops, ornamentals, and weeds. These insects are already present in the landscape and will surely colonize hemp fields at some level every year, doing incidental feeding. Higher populations, when they occur, will be tied to favorable environmental conditions or to mass movement of pests from other areas.
As with the defoliators, many sucking pests that can feed on hemp are already present in the Michigan crop landscape. These include rice root aphids on roots, black bean and green peach aphids on leaves, leafhoppers, plant bugs, stink bugs, thrips, and mites. While some of these are key pests of indoor marijuana cultivation, they are unlikely to pose much of a problem outdoors when exposed to biological controls. An exception would be under drought conditions, when populations of, and damage by, sucking pests tend to be higher. In particular, two-spotted spider mite infestations can be devastating in dry years in Michigan field crops, and hemp would likely suffer from their effects, too.
No thresholds have been established and no insecticides registered for use against hemp insects in the U.S. Bulletins from Colorado State University provide management recommendations for several key pests. (Note: The insecticides listed in these bulletins are approved by the Colorado Department of Agriculture only for use in that state.) As hemp production increases over time, recommendations and pesticide registrations for use in hemp will improve and product labels will be amended.
As of this writing, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has not registered any fungicides for use on hemp (Sandler, Berkerman, Whitford, & Gibson, 2019). Little information is available on which diseases will be of primary concern, and research on disease management options is needed.
Lagos-Kutz, D., Potter, B., DiFonzo, C., Russell, H., & Hartman, G. L. (2018). Two aphid species, Phorodon cannabis and Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale, identified as potential pests of industrial hemp, Cannabis sativa L., in the U.S. Midwest.Crop, Forage, and Turfgrass Management, 4(1), [180032]. doi:10.2134/cftm2018.04.0032
You may have invested in the best cannabis seeds, a high-end LED grow light and a sophisticated grow room. But all that can be decimated if pests and diseases get a grip on your crop. Many people don't know one pest from another, or the best way to eliminate them. But a quick read of this guide will explain all you need to know.
Fungus gnats often emerge from your soil after hatching from their eggs. Soils which contain compost made from wood chips can seem especially prone to fungus gnats. Some indoor growers purposefully buy wood-free soil preparations to minimise the chances of fungus gnats which can cause significant damage to root systems, stunting growth.UVB supplemental lights have a pleasingly destructive effect on gnats - and other insect pests too. Rolls of sticky fly tape are also effective. Diatomaceous earth makes a barrier which prevents many larvae emerging from the soil. Many growers see fungus gnats during the grow, a low-level presence doesn't mean automatic disaster for your crop but it may reduce plant health and growth rates.
PharmaceuticalAny substance intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment or prevention of plant or animal pests, diseases, viruses, bacteria or other microorganisms in or on livestock and any substance other than food intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of any livestock.